Section 1 - CHEMICAL PRODUCT AND COMPANY IDENTIFICATION

PRODUCT NAME

WHITEWASH LAUNDRY POWDER

PRODUCT USE

Laundry powder

SUPPLIER

Company: Benji Distributors Pty Ltd
Address:
17 Grandview Pde
Moolap
VIC, 3221
Australia
Telephone: +61 3 5248 1469
Fax: +61 3 5248 6696

Section 2 - HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION

STATEMENT OF HAZARDOUS NATURE

HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE. NON-DANGEROUS GOODS. According to NOHSC Criteria, and ADG Code.

CHEMWATCH HAZARD RATINGS

RISK                                                   
SAFETY                                                                                                         
■ Harmful by inhalation.                               
• Do not breathe dust.                                                                                         
■ Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin.     
• Avoid contact with skin.                                                                                     
■ Ingestion may produce health damage*.                
• Avoid contact with eyes.                                                                                     
■ Cumulative effects may result following exposure*.   
• Wear suitable protective clothing.                                                                           
* (limited evidence).                                  
• Wear suitable gloves.                                                                                        
                                                       
• Wear eye/ face protection.                                                                                   
                                                       
• Use only in well ventilated areas.                                                                           
                                                       
• Keep container in a well ventilated place.                                                                   
                                                       
• To clean the floor and all objects contaminated by this material, use water.                                 
                                                       
• Keep away from food, drink and animal feeding stuffs.                                                        
                                                       
• In case of contact with eyes, rinse with plenty of water and contact Doctor or Poisons Information Centre.   
                                                       
• If swallowed, IMMEDIATELY contact Doctor or Poisons Information Centre (show this container or label).       

Section 3 - COMPOSITION / INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS

Section 4 - FIRST AID MEASURES

SWALLOWED

· For advice, contact a Poisons Information Centre or a doctor at once.
· Urgent hospital treatment is likely to be needed.
· If swallowed do NOT induce vomiting.
· If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain open airway and prevent aspiration.
· Observe the patient carefully.
· Never give liquid to a person showing signs of being sleepy or with reduced awareness; i.e. becoming unconscious.
· Give water to rinse out mouth, then provide liquid slowly and as much as casualty can comfortably drink.
· Transport to hospital or doctor without delay.

EYE

■ If this product comes in contact with the eyes:
· Wash out immediately with fresh running water.
· Ensure complete irrigation of the eye by keeping eyelids apart and away from eye and moving the eyelids by occasionally lifting the upper and lower lids.
· Seek medical attention without delay; if pain persists or recurs seek medical attention.
· Removal of contact lenses after an eye injury should only be undertaken by skilled personnel.

SKIN

■ If skin contact occurs:
· Immediately remove all contaminated clothing, including footwear.
· Flush skin and hair with running water (and soap if available).
· Seek medical attention in event of irritation.

INHALED

· If dust is inhaled, remove from contaminated area.
· Encourage patient to blow nose to ensure clear breathing passages.
· Ask patient to rinse mouth with water but to not drink water.
· Seek immediate medical attention.
· If fumes or combustion products are inhaled remove from contaminated area.
· Lay patient down. Keep warm and rested.
· Prostheses such as false teeth, which may block airway, should be removed, where possible, prior to initiating first aid procedures.
· Apply artificial respiration if not breathing, preferably with a demand valve resuscitator, bag-valve mask device, or pocket mask as trained. Perform CPR if necessary.
· Transport to hospital, or doctor.

NOTES TO PHYSICIAN

■ For acute or short- term repeated exposures to highly alkaline materials:
· Respiratory stress is uncommon but present occasionally because of soft tissue edema.
· Unless endotracheal intubation can be accomplished under direct vision, cricothyroidotomy or tracheotomy may be necessary.
· Oxygen is given as indicated.
· The presence of shock suggests perforation and mandates an intravenous line and fluid administration.
· Damage due to alkaline corrosives occurs by liquefaction necrosis whereby the saponification of fats and solubilisation of proteins allow deep penetration into the
tissue.
Alkalis continue to cause damage after exposure.
INGESTION:
· Milk and water are the preferred diluents
No more than 2 glasses of water should be given to an adult.
· Neutralising agents should never be given since exothermic heat reaction may compound injury.
* Catharsis and emesis are absolutely contra- indicated.
* Activated charcoal does not absorb alkali.
* Gastric lavage should not be used.
Supportive care involves the following:
· Withhold oral feedings initially.
· If endoscopy confirms transmucosal injury start steroids only within the first 48 hours.
· Carefully evaluate the amount of tissue necrosis before assessing the need for surgical intervention.
· Patients should be instructed to seek medical attention whenever they develop difficulty in swallowing (dysphagia).
SKIN AND EYE:
· Injury should be irrigated for 20- 30 minutes.
Eye injuries require saline. [Ellenhorn & Barceloux: Medical Toxicology].

Section 5 - FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES

EXTINGUISHING MEDIA

· There is no restriction on the type of extinguisher which may be used.
· Use extinguishing media suitable for surrounding area.

FIRE FIGHTING

· Alert Fire Brigade and tell them location and nature of hazard.
· Wear breathing apparatus plus protective gloves for fire only.
· Prevent, by any means available, spillage from entering drains or water courses.
· Use fire fighting procedures suitable for surrounding area.
· DO NOT approach containers suspected to be hot.
· Cool fire exposed containers with water spray from a protected location.
· If safe to do so, remove containers from path of fire.
· Equipment should be thoroughly decontaminated after use.

FIRE/EXPLOSION HAZARD

· Solid which exhibits difficult combustion or is difficult to ignite.
· Avoid generating dust, particularly clouds of dust in a confined or unventilated space as dusts may form an explosive mixture with air, and any source of ignition,
i.e. flame or spark, will cause fire or explosion.
· Dust clouds generated by the fine grinding of the solid are a particular hazard; accumulations of fine dust (420 micron or less) may burn rapidly and fiercely if
ignited; once initiated larger particles up to 1400 microns diameter will contribute to the propagation of an explosion.
· A dust explosion may release of large quantities of gaseous products; this in turn creates a subsequent pressure rise of explosive force capable of damaging plant
and buildings and injuring people.
· Usually the initial or primary explosion takes place in a confined space such as plant or machinery, and can be of sufficient force to damage or rupture the plant.
If the shock wave from the primary explosion enters the surrounding area, it will disturb any settled dust layers, forming a second dust cloud, and often initiate a
much larger secondary explosion. All large scale explosions have resulted from chain reactions of this type.
· Dry dust can also be charged electrostatically by turbulence, pneumatic transport, pouring, in exhaust ducts and during transport.
· Build- up of electrostatic charge may be prevented by bonding and grounding.
· Powder handling equipment such as dust collectors, dryers and mills may require additional protection measures such as explosion venting.
· All movable parts coming in contact with this material should have a speed of less than 1- metre/sec.
Decomposition may produce toxic fumes of: carbon dioxide (CO2), phosphorus oxides (POx), sulfur oxides (SOx), other pyrolysis products typical of burning organic
material.
May emit poisonous fumes.
May emit corrosive fumes.

FIRE INCOMPATIBILITY

· Avoid contamination with oxidising agents i.e. nitrates, oxidising acids, chlorine bleaches, pool chlorine etc. as ignition may result.

HAZCHEM

None

Personal Protective Equipment

Gloves, boots (chemical resistant).
Breathing apparatus.

Section 6 - ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES

MINOR SPILLS

· Remove all ignition sources.
· Clean up all spills immediately.
· Avoid contact with skin and eyes.
· Control personal contact by using protective equipment.
· Use dry clean up procedures and avoid generating dust.
· Place in a suitable, labelled container for waste disposal.

MAJOR SPILLS

■ Moderate hazard.
· CAUTION: Advise personnel in area.
· Alert Emergency Services and tell them location and nature of hazard.
· Control personal contact by wearing protective clothing.
· Prevent, by any means available, spillage from entering drains or water courses.
· Recover product wherever possible.
· IF DRY: Use dry clean up procedures and avoid generating dust. Collect residues and place in sealed plastic
bags or other containers for disposal. IF WET: Vacuum/shovel up and place in labelled containers for
disposal.
· ALWAYS: Wash area down with large amounts of water and prevent runoff into drains.
· If contamination of drains or waterways occurs, advise Emergency Services.

Personal Protective Equipment advice is contained in Section 8 of the MSDS.

Section 7 - HANDLING AND STORAGE

PROCEDURE FOR HANDLING

· Avoid all personal contact, including inhalation.
· Wear protective clothing when risk of exposure occurs.
· Use in a well-ventilated area.
· Prevent concentration in hollows and sumps.
· DO NOT enter confined spaces until atmosphere has been checked.
· DO NOT allow material to contact humans, exposed food or food utensils.
· Avoid contact with incompatible materials.
· When handling, DO NOT eat, drink or smoke.
· Keep containers securely sealed when not in use.
· Avoid physical damage to containers.
· Always wash hands with soap and water after handling.
· Work clothes should be laundered separately. Launder contaminated clothing before re-use.
· Use good occupational work practice.
· Observe manufacturer's storing and handling recommendations.
· Atmosphere should be regularly checked against established exposure standards to ensure safe working conditions are maintained.

SUITABLE CONTAINER

· DO NOT use aluminium or galvanised containers.
· Polyethylene or polypropylene container.
· Check all containers are clearly labelled and free from leaks.

STORAGE INCOMPATIBILITY

· In presence of moisture, the material is corrosive to aluminium, zinc and tin producing highly flammable hydrogen gas.
· Avoid reaction with oxidising agents.

STORAGE REQUIREMENTS

· Store in original containers.
· Keep containers securely sealed.
· Store in a cool, dry area protected from environmental extremes.
· Store away from incompatible materials and foodstuff containers.
· Protect containers against physical damage and check regularly for leaks.
· Observe manufacturer's storing and handling recommendations
For major quantities:
· Consider storage in bunded areas - ensure storage areas are isolated from sources of community water (including stormwater, ground water, lakes and streams}.
· Ensure that accidental discharge to air or water is the subject of a contingency disaster management plan; this may require consultation with local authorities.

_____________________________________________________

SAFE STORAGE WITH OTHER CLASSIFIED CHEMICALS

_____________________________________________________

+: May be stored together

O: May be stored together with specific preventions

X: Must not be stored together

Section 8 - EXPOSURE CONTROLS / PERSONAL PROTECTION

EXPOSURE CONTROLS

  • sodium carbonate: 
 CAS:497-19-8
  • sodium metasilicate: 
 CAS:1344-09-8
  • sodium tripolyphosphate: 
 CAS:7758-29-4 CAS:15091-98-2

MATERIAL DATA

SODIUM CARBONATE:
SODIUM TRIPOLYPHOSPHATE:
■ It is the goal of the ACGIH (and other Agencies) to recommend TLVs (or their equivalent) for all substances for which there is evidence of health effects at
airborne concentrations encountered in the workplace.
At this time no TLV has been established, even though this material may produce adverse health effects (as evidenced in animal experiments or clinical experience).
Airborne concentrations must be maintained as low as is practically possible and occupational exposure must be kept to a minimum.
NOTE: The ACGIH occupational exposure standard for Particles Not Otherwise Specified (P.N.O.S) does NOT apply.
SODIUM CARBONATE:
SODIUM TRIPOLYPHOSPHATE:
■ Sensory irritants are chemicals that produce temporary and undesirable side- effects on the eyes, nose or throat. Historically occupational exposure standards for
these irritants have been based on observation of workers' responses to various airborne concentrations. Present day expectations require that nearly every
individual should be protected against even minor sensory irritation and exposure standards are established using uncertainty factors or safety factors of 5 to 10 or
more. On occasion animal no- observable- effect- levels (NOEL) are used to determine these limits where human results are unavailable. An additional approach,
typically used by the TLV committee (USA) in determining respiratory standards for this group of chemicals, has been to assign ceiling values (TLV C) to rapidly
acting irritants and to assign short- term exposure limits (TLV STELs) when the weight of evidence from irritation, bioaccumulation and other endpoints combine to
warrant such a limit. In contrast the MAK Commission (Germany) uses a five- category system based on intensive odour, local irritation, and elimination half- life.
However this system is being replaced to be consistent with the European Union (EU) Scientific Committee for Occupational Exposure Limits (SCOEL); this is more
closely allied to that of the USA.
OSHA (USA) concluded that exposure to sensory irritants can:
· cause inflammation
· cause increased susceptibility to other irritants and infectious agents
· lead to permanent injury or dysfunction
· permit greater absorption of hazardous substances and
· acclimate the worker to the irritant warning properties of these substances thus increasing the risk of overexposure.
WHITEWASH LAUNDRY POWDER:
Not available
SODIUM CARBONATE:
OEL STEL: (Russia) 5 mg/m3
SODIUM METASILICATE:
■ No specific exposure limits have been established for soluble silicates.
For liquids the creation of aerosols should be avoided. For powders, general dust exposure limits according to regulation will apply (typically 1- 10 mg/m3). For
corrosive soluble silicates (Molar Ratio SiO2:M2O </=1.6), the exposure limits set for sodium hydroxide should be considered as a guideline (2 mg/m3).
CEL TWA: 2 mg/m3 [Manufacturer]

PERSONAL PROTECTION

EYE

· Safety glasses with side shields.
· Chemical goggles.
· Contact lenses may pose a special hazard; soft contact lenses may absorb and concentrate irritants. A written policy document, describing the wearing of lens or
restrictions on use, should be created for each workplace or task. This should include a review of lens absorption and adsorption for the class of chemicals in use
and an account of injury experience. Medical and first- aid personnel should be trained in their removal and suitable equipment should be readily available. In the
event of chemical exposure, begin eye irrigation immediately and remove contact lens as soon as practicable. Lens should be removed at the first signs of eye redness
or irritation - lens should be removed in a clean environment only after workers have washed hands thoroughly. [CDC NIOSH Current Intelligence Bulletin 59], [AS/NZS
1336 or national equivalent].

HANDS/FEET

· Wear chemical protective gloves, eg. PVC.
· Wear safety footwear or safety gumboots, eg. Rubber.

OTHER

· Overalls.
· P.V.C. apron.
· Barrier cream.
· Skin cleansing cream.
· Eye wash unit.
The local concentration of material, quantity and conditions of use determine the type of personal protective equipment required. For further information consult
site specific CHEMWATCH data (if available), or your Occupational Health and Safety Advisor.

ENGINEERING CONTROLS

■ Engineering controls are used to remove a hazard or place a barrier between the worker and the hazard. Well- designed engineering controls can be highly effective
in protecting workers and will typically be independent of worker interactions to provide this high level of protection.
The basic types of engineering controls are:
Process controls which involve changing the way a job activity or process is done to reduce the risk.
Enclosure and/or isolation of emission source which keeps a selected hazard " physically" away from the worker and ventilation that strategically " adds" and "
removes" air in the work environment. Ventilation can remove or dilute an air contaminant if designed properly. The design of a ventilation system must match the
particular process and chemical or contaminant in use.
Employers may need to use multiple types of controls to prevent employee overexposure.
Local exhaust ventilation usually required. If risk of overexposure exists, wear approved respirator. Correct fit is essential to obtain adequate protection.
Supplied- air type respirator may be required in special circumstances. Correct fit is essential to ensure adequate protection.
An approved self contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) may be required in some situations.
Provide adequate ventilation in warehouse or closed storage area. Air contaminants generated in the workplace possess varying " escape" velocities which, in turn,
determine the " capture velocities" of fresh circulating air required to effectively remove the contaminant.


Type of Contaminant:

Air Speed:

solvent, vapours, degreasing etc., evaporating from tank (in still air).

0.25-0.5 m/s (50-100 f/min.)

aerosols, fumes from pouring operations, intermittent container filling, low speed conveyer transfers, welding, spray drift, plating acid fumes, pickling (released at low velocity into zone of active generation)

0.5-1 m/s (100-200 f/min.)

direct spray, spray painting in shallow booths, drum filling, conveyer loading, crusher dusts, gas discharge (active generation into zone of rapid air motion)

1-2.5 m/s (200-500 f/min.)

grinding, abrasive blasting, tumbling, high speed wheel generated dusts (released at high initial velocity into zone of very high rapid air motion).

2.5-10 m/s (500-2000 f/min.)

Within each range the appropriate value depends on:


 Lower end of the range

Upper end of the range

1: Room air currents minimal or favourable to capture

1: Disturbing room air currents

2: Contaminants of low toxicity or of nuisance value only.

2: Contaminants of high toxicity

3: Intermittent, low production.

3: High production, heavy use

4: Large hood or large air mass in motion

4: Small hood-local control only

Simple theory shows that air velocity falls rapidly with distance away from the opening of a simple extraction pipe. Velocity generally decreases with the square of
distance from the extraction point (in simple cases). Therefore the air speed at the extraction point should be adjusted, accordingly, after reference to distance
from the contaminating source. The air velocity at the extraction fan, for example, should be a minimum of 1- 2 m/s (200- 400 f/min) for extraction of solvents
generated in a tank 2 meters distant from the extraction point. Other mechanical considerations, producing performance deficits within the extraction apparatus, make
it essential that theoretical air velocities are multiplied by factors of 10 or more when extraction systems are installed or used.

Section 9 - PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

APPEARANCE

White powder with a characteristic odour; mixes with water.

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

Mixes with water.
Alkaline.

State
Divided Solid
Molecular Weight
Not Available
Melting Range (ºC)
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Boiling Range (ºC)
Not Available
Solubility in water (g/L)
Miscible
Flash Point (ºC)
Not Applicable
pH (1% solution)
10.3-10.7
Decomposition Temp (ºC)
Not Available
pH (as supplied)
Not Available
Autoignition Temp (ºC)
Not Available
Vapour Pressure (kPa)
Not Available
Upper Explosive Limit (%)
Not Available
Specific Gravity (water=1)
Not Available
Lower Explosive Limit (%)
Not Available
Relative Vapour Density (air=1)
Not Available
Volatile Component (%vol)
Not Available
Evaporation Rate
Not Available

State
Divided Solid
Molecular Weight
Not Available
Melting Range (ºC)
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Boiling Range (ºC)
Not Available
Solubility in water (g/L)
Miscible
Flash Point (ºC)
Not Applicable
pH (1% solution)
10.3-10.7
Decomposition Temp (ºC)
Not Available
pH (as supplied)
Not Available
Autoignition Temp (ºC)
Not Available
Vapour Pressure (kPa)
Not Available
Upper Explosive Limit (%)
Not Available
Specific Gravity (water=1)
Not Available
Lower Explosive Limit (%)
Not Available
Relative Vapour Density (air=1)
Not Available
Volatile Component (%vol)
Not Available
Evaporation Rate
Not Available

Section 10 - STABILITY AND REACTIVITY

CONDITIONS CONTRIBUTING TO INSTABILITY

· Presence of incompatible materials.
· Product is considered stable.
· Hazardous polymerisation will not occur.

For incompatible materials - refer to Section 7 - Handling and Storage.

Section 11 - TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION

POTENTIAL HEALTH EFFECTS

ACUTE HEALTH EFFECTS

SWALLOWED

■ Accidental ingestion of the material may be damaging to the health of the individual.
As absorption of phosphates from the bowel is poor, poisoning this way is less likely. Effects can include vomiting, tiredness, fever, diarrhoea, low blood pressure,
slow pulse, cyanosis, spasms of the wrist, coma and severe body spasms.

EYE

■ There is evidence that material may produce eye irritation in some persons and produce eye damage 24 hours or more after instillation. Severe inflammation may be
expected with pain. There may be damage to the cornea. Unless treatment is prompt and adequate there may be permanent loss of vision. Conjunctivitis can occur
following repeated exposure.

SKIN

■ The material may cause mild but significant inflammation of the skin either following direct contact or after a delay of some time. Repeated exposure can cause
contact dermatitis which is characterised by redness, swelling and blistering.
Skin contact is not thought to produce harmful health effects (as classified under EC Directives using animal models). Systemic harm, however, has been identified
following exposure of animals by at least one other route and the material may still produce health damage following entry through wounds, lesions or abrasions. Good
hygiene practice requires that exposure be kept to a minimum and that suitable gloves be used in an occupational setting.
Entry into the blood- stream, through, for example, cuts, abrasions or lesions, may produce systemic injury with harmful effects. Examine the skin prior to the use
of the material and ensure that any external damage is suitably protected.
The material may cause skin irritation after prolonged or repeated exposure and may produce on contact skin redness, swelling, the production of vesicles, scaling
and thickening of the skin.

INHALED

■ Inhalation of dusts, generated by the material, during the course of normalhandling, may be harmful.
There is some evidence to suggest that the material can cause respiratory irritation in some persons. The body' s response to such irritation can cause further lung
damage.

CHRONIC HEALTH EFFECTS

■ Long term exposure to high dust concentrations may cause changes in lung function i.e. pneumoconiosis; caused by particles less than 0.5 micron penetrating and
remaining in the lung. Prime symptom is breathlessness; lung shadows show on X- ray.
Substance accumulation, in the human body, may occur and may cause some concern following repeated or long- term occupational exposure.
Chronic inhalation exposure may result in nasal ulceration and/or perforation of nasal septum.
Sodium phosphate dibasic can cause stones in the kidney, loss of mineral from the bones and loss of thyroid gland function.

TOXICITY AND IRRITATION

■ unless otherwise specified data extracted from RTECS - Register of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances.
■ Asthma- like symptoms may continue for months or even years after exposure to the material ceases. This may be due to a non- allergenic condition known as reactive
airways dysfunction syndrome (RADS) which can occur following exposure to high levels of highly irritating compound. Key criteria for the diagnosis of RADS include
the absence of preceding respiratory disease, in a non- atopic individual, with abrupt onset of persistent asthma- like symptoms within minutes to hours of a
documented exposure to the irritant. A reversible airflow pattern, on spirometry, with the presence of moderate to severe bronchial hyperreactivity on methacholine
challenge testing and the lack of minimal lymphocytic inflammation, without eosinophilia, have also been included in the criteria for diagnosis of RADS. RADS (or
asthma) following an irritating inhalation is an infrequent disorder with rates related to the concentration of and duration of exposure to the irritating substance.
Industrial bronchitis, on the other hand, is a disorder that occurs as result of exposure due to high concentrations of irritating substance (often particulate in
nature) and is completely reversible after exposure ceases. The disorder is characterised by dyspnea, cough and mucus production.
SODIUM METASILICATE:
SODIUM CARBONATE:
■ The material may cause skin irritation after prolonged or repeated exposure and may produce on contact skin redness, swelling, the production of vesicles, scaling
and thickening of the skin.
WHITEWASH LAUNDRY POWDER:
■ Not available. Refer to individual constituents.
SODIUM CARBONATE:

TOXICITY                  
IRRITATION             
Oral (rat) LD50: 4090 mg/kg         
Skin (rabbit): 500 mg/24h Mild   
Inhalation (rat) LC50: 2300 mg/m³/2h    
Eye (rabbit): 100 mg/24h Moderate 
Oral (Rat) LD50: 2800 mg/kg *        
Eye (rabbit): 100 mg/30s Mild   
Dermal (Rat) LD50: >2000 mg/kg *      
Eye (rabbit): 50 mg SEVERE     
Oral (Human) LD: 714 mg/kg         
                  
Oral (Mouse) LD50: 6600 mg/kg        
                  
Inhalation (Mouse) LC50: 1200 mg/m³/2h   
                  
Intraperitoneal (Mouse) LD50: 117 mg/kg   
                  
Inhalation (Guinea pig) LC50: 800 mg/m³/2h 
                  
Subcutaneous (Mouse) LD50: 2210 mg/kg    
                  

■ for sodium carbonate:
Sodium carbonate has no or a low skin irritation potential but it is considered irritating to the eyes. Due to the alkaline properties an irritation of the
respiratory tract is also possible.
No valid animal data are available on repeated dose toxicity studies by oral, dermal, inhalation or by other routes for sodium carbonate. A repeated dose inhalation
study, which was not reported in sufficient detail, revealed local effects on the lungs which could be expected based on the alkaline nature of the compound. Under
normal handling and use conditions neither the concentration of sodium in the blood nor the pH of the blood will be increased and therefore sodium carbonate is not
expected to be systemically available in the body. It can be stated that the substance will neither reach the foetus nor reach male and female reproductive organs,
which shows that there is no risk for developmental toxicity and no risk for toxicity to reproduction. This was confirmed by a developmental study with rabbits, rats
and mice. An in vitro mutagenicity test with bacteria was negative and based on the structure of sodium carbonate no genotoxic effects are expected.
SODIUM METASILICATE:

TOXICITY           
IRRITATION            
Oral (rat) LD50: 1153 mg/kg 
Skin (human): 250 mg/24h SEVERE 
               
Skin (rabbit): 250 mg/24h SEVERE 

■ The material may be irritating to the eye, with prolonged contact causing inflammation. Repeated or prolonged exposure to irritants may produce conjunctivitis.
SODIUM TRIPOLYPHOSPHATE:

TOXICITY               
IRRITATION  
Oral (Rat) LD50: 5190 mg/kg     
Nil Reported 
Dermal (Rabbit) LD50: >3160 mg/kg * 
       

Section 12 - ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION

SODIUM METASILICATE:
SODIUM TRIPOLYPHOSPHATE:
SODIUM CARBONATE:
■ DO NOT discharge into sewer or waterways.
SODIUM CARBONATE:

■ for sodium carbonate
Environmental fate::
The hazard of sodium carbonate for the environment is mainly caused by the pH effect of the carbonate ion. For this reason the effect of sodium carbonate on the
organisms depends on the buffer capacity of the aquatic or terrestrial ecosystem.
Individual aquatic ecosystems are characterized by a specific pH and bicarbonate concentration and the organisms of the ecosystem are adapted to these specific
natural conditions. Because the natural pH, bicarbonate and also the sodium concentration (and their fluctuations in time) varies significantly between aquatic
ecosystems, it is not considered useful to derive a generic PNEC or PNECadded. To assess the potential environmental effect of a sodium carbonate discharge, the
increase in sodium, bicarbonate and pH should be compared with the natural values and their fluctuations and based on this comparison it should be assessed if the
anthropogenic addition is acceptable.
The production and use of sodium carbonate could potentially result in an emission of sodium carbonate and it could locally increase the pH in the aquatic
environment. However, the pH of effluents is normally measured very frequently and can be adapted easily and therefore a significant increase of the pH of the
receiving water is not expected. If emissions of waste water are controlled by appropriate pH limits and/or dilutions in relation to the natural pH and buffering
capacity of the receiving water, adverse effects on the aquatic environment are not expected due to production or use of sodium carbonate.
The sodium ion will not adsorb to particulate matter, but remains in the aqueous phase. In water the carbonate ions will re- equilibrate until an equilibrium is
established.
The main equilibria are:
HCO3- <- > CO3 (2+)- + H+ pKa = 10.35
CO2 + H2O <- > HCO3- - + H+ pKa = 6.33
The carbonate will finally be incorporated into the inorganic and organic carbon cycle.
Ecotoxicity:
Aquatic invertebrate EC50 (48 h): Cladoceran ceriodaphnia cf Dubia: 200- 227 mg/l (immobilisation)
The variation in acute toxicity for aquatic organisms may be explained for a significant extent by the variation in buffer capacity of the test medium. In general,
mortality of the test organisms was found at concentrations higher than 100 mg/l but for Amphipoda, salmon and trout lethal effects were already observed at 67- 80
mg/l although these studies had a low reliability.
Aquatic sodium emissions originating from uses of sodium carbonate are probably small compared to other sources. It is clear that an environmental hazard assessment
of sodium should not only evaluate all natural and anthropogenic sources of sodium but should also evaluate all other ecotoxicity studies with sodium salts.
SODIUM METASILICATE:

■ Metal- containing inorganic substances generally have negligible vapour pressure and are not expected to partition to air. Once released to surface waters and
moist soils their fate depends on solubility and dissociation in water. Environmental processes (such as oxidation and the presence of acids or bases) may transform
insoluble metals to more soluble ionic forms. Microbiological processes may also transform insoluble metals to more soluble forms. Such ionic species may bind to
dissolved ligands or sorb to solid particles in aquatic or aqueous media. A significant proportion of dissolved/ sorbed metals will end up in sediments through the
settling of suspended particles. The remaining metal ions can then be taken up by aquatic organisms.
When released to dry soil most metals will exhibit limited mobility and remain in the upper layer; some will leach locally into ground water and/ or surface water
ecosystems when soaked by rain or melt ice. Environmental processes may also be important in changing solubilities.
Even though many metals show few toxic effects at physiological pHs, transformation may introduce new or magnified effects.
A metal ion is considered infinitely persistent because it cannot degrade further.
The current state of science does not allow for an unambiguous interpretation of various measures of bioaccumulation.
The counter- ion may also create heath and environmental concerns once isolated from the metal. Under normal physiological conditions the counter- ion may be
essentially insoluble and may not be bioavailable.
Environmental processes may enhance bioavailability.
Soluble silicates are wholly inorganic and once diluted have no significant environmental impact. They are saturated with respect to oxygen and as such do not
possess a chemical oxygen demand (COD) or a biological oxygen demand (BOD). Depending on pH values soluble silicates in effluent and surface waters are rapidly
dispersed and neutralised, by reaction with naturally occurring dissolved polyvalent metals (e.g. Ca, Mg, Al, Fe) forming insoluble silicates or amorphous silica.
These products occur in abundance in natural soils and rocks. Dissolved silica resulting from commercial soluble silicates is also indistinguishable from naturally
dissolved silica. The soluble silica input to the natural silica cycle from commercial use is furthermore inconsequential in view of the relative size and flux of
the natural system. Concentrations of silica in natural waters commonly range from 1 to around 30 mg/l. Higher concentrations (up to 360 mg/l), however, have been
found in some groundwaters where these high levels are related to rock type and water temperatures.
A study of the fate and possible effects of soluble silicates (waterglass) emissions to surface water has been performed by TNO (Apeldoorn NL, 2002). From the
results of this study, no significant adverse effects to aquatic systems are to be assumed.
Depending on pH values, reaction with naturally occurring dissolved polyvalent metals (e.g. Ca, Mg, Fe, Al) will result in insoluble silicate or amorphous silica
being formed. These products occur in abundance in natural soils and rocks. Dissolved silica resulting from commercial soluble silicates is also indistinguishable
from naturally dissolved silica.
Soluble silicates are totally insoluble in n- octanol (and most other organic solvents). The oil/water partition coefficient of these substances is therefore not
applicable. Soluble silicates have no potential for bioaccumulation.
Untreated soluble silicate solutions are generally alkaline (pH values > 9) and therefore neutralisation should be carried out before discharging to water/ effluent
systems. Once neutralised, no adverse effects on aquatic biosystems are known.
Prevent, by any means available, spillage from entering drains or water courses.
SODIUM TRIPOLYPHOSPHATE:

■ May cause long- term adverse effects in the aquatic environment.
May cause long- term adverse effects in the aquatic environment.
Do NOT allow product to come in contact with surface waters or to intertidal areas below the mean high water mark. Do not contaminate water when cleaning equipment
or disposing of equipment wash- waters.
Wastes resulting from use of the product must be disposed of on site or at approved waste sites.
The principal problems of phosphate contamination of the environment relates to eutrophication processes in lakes and ponds. Phosphorus is an essential plant
nutrient and is usually the limiting nutrient for blue- green algae. A lake undergoing eutrophication shows a rapid growth of algae in surface waters. Planktonic
algae cause turbidity and flotation films. Shore algae cause ugly muddying, films and damage to reeds. Decay of these algae causes oxygen depletion in the deep water
and shallow water near the shore. The process is self- perpetuating because anoxic conditions at the sediment/water interface causes the release of more adsorbed
phosphates from the sediment. The growth of algae produces undesirable effects on the treatment of water for drinking purposes, on fisheries, and on the use of lakes
for recreational purposes.

Ecotoxicity

Ingredient
Persistence: Water/Soil
Persistence: Air
Bioaccumulation
Mobility
Whitewash Laundry Powder
No Data Available
No Data Available

sodium carbonate
LOW
No Data Available
LOW
HIGH
sodium metasilicate
No Data Available
No Data Available

sodium tripolyphosphate
No Data Available
No Data Available

Section 13 - DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS

· Containers may still present a chemical hazard/ danger when empty.
· Return to supplier for reuse/ recycling if possible.
Otherwise:
· If container can not be cleaned sufficiently well to ensure that residuals do not remain or if the container cannot be used to store the same product, then puncture containers, to prevent re-use, and bury at an authorised landfill.
· Where possible retain label warnings and MSDS and observe all notices pertaining to the product.
· Recycle wherever possible.
· Consult manufacturer for recycling options or consult local or regional waste management authority for disposal if no suitable treatment or disposal facility can be identified.
· Dispose of by: burial in a land-fill specifically licenced to accept chemical and / or pharmaceutical wastes or Incineration in a licenced apparatus (after admixture with suitable combustible material)
· Decontaminate empty containers. Observe all label safeguards until containers are cleaned and destroyed.

Section 14 - TRANSPORTATION INFORMATION

HAZCHEM:

None (ADG7)
NOT REGULATED FOR TRANSPORT OF DANGEROUS GOODS: ADG7, UN, IATA, IMDG

Section 15 - REGULATORY INFORMATION

POISONS SCHEDULE None

REGULATIONS

Regulations for ingredients

sodium carbonate (CAS: 497-19-8) is found on the following regulatory lists;

"Australia Hazardous Substances","Australia High Volume Industrial Chemical List (HVICL)","Australia Inventory of Chemical Substances (AICS)","CODEX General Standard for Food Additives (GSFA) - Additives Permitted for Use in Food in General, Unless Otherwise Specified, in Accordance with GMP","GESAMP/EHS Composite List - GESAMP Hazard Profiles","IMO IBC Code Chapter 17: Summary of minimum requirements","International Council of Chemical Associations (ICCA) - High Production Volume List"

sodium metasilicate (CAS: 1344-09-8) is found on the following regulatory lists;

"Australia High Volume Industrial Chemical List (HVICL)","Australia Inventory of Chemical Substances (AICS)","GESAMP/EHS Composite List - GESAMP Hazard Profiles","IMO IBC Code Chapter 17: Summary of minimum requirements","IMO MARPOL 73/78 (Annex II) - List of Noxious Liquid Substances Carried in Bulk","International Council of Chemical Associations (ICCA) - High Production Volume List"

sodium tripolyphosphate (CAS: 7758-29-4,15091-98-2) is found on the following regulatory lists;

"Australia High Volume Industrial Chemical List (HVICL)","Australia Inventory of Chemical Substances (AICS)"

No data for Whitewash Laundry Powder (CW: 5130-95)

Section 16 - OTHER INFORMATION

INGREDIENTS WITH MULTIPLE CAS NUMBERS

Ingredient Name          
CAS                     
sodium tripolyphosphate  
7758-29-4,  15091-98-2  

EXPOSURE STANDARD FOR MIXTURES

■ " Worst Case" computer- aided prediction of spray/ mist or fume/ dust components and concentration:
■ Composite Exposure Standard for Mixture (TWA) :2 mg/m³.
■ Operations which produce a spray/mist or fume/dust, introduce particulates to the breathing zone.
If the breathing zone concentration of ANY of the components listed below is exceeded, " Worst Case" considerations deem the individual to be overexposed.
Component Breathing Zone ppm Breathing Zone mg/m3 Mixture Conc (%).

Component         
Breathing zone (ppm)  
Breathing zone (mg/m3)  
Mixture Conc (%)  
sodium metasilicate   
2.0000                  
9.0               
                      
                        

CONTACT POINT

Paul Milward-Bason
17 Grandview Parade
Moolap 3221
Victoria Australia

■ Classification of the preparation and its individual components has drawn on official and authoritative sources as well as independent review by the Chemwatch Classification committee using available literature references.
A list of reference resources used to assist the committee may be found at:
www.chemwatch.net/references.

■ The (M)SDS is a Hazard Communication tool and should be used to assist in the Risk Assessment. Many factors determine whether the reported Hazards are Risks in the workplace or other settings. Risks may be determined by reference to Exposures Scenarios. Scale of use, frequency of use and current or available engineering controls must be considered.

This document is copyright. Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of private study, research, review or
criticism, as permitted under the Copyright Act, no part may be reproduced by any process without written
permission from CHEMWATCH. TEL (+61 3) 9572 4700.

Issue Date: 29-Jul-2005

Print Date: 17-Feb-2012

This is the end of the MSDS.